Water is central to the movement of matter and energy on Earth. Only 3% is fresh, and only one percent of that is available to us in aquifers, lakes, rivers, streams, and wetlands. Water covers about 70% of Earth’s surface, makes up about 70% of your mass, and is essential for life, Rivers are vital component of the biosphere that contains less than one percent of the world’s fresh water with their higher ecological and social significance which are being polluted by indiscriminate disposal of sewerage, industrial waste, and by excess of human activities affecting their physicochemical characteristics and leads to various deleterious effects on aquatic organisms (Murhekar, 2011; Annalakshmi and Amsath, 2012).
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